SHAPE, US NATO Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe

NATO Supreme Headquaters Allied Powers Europe. NATOs europæiske hovedkvarter. Ligger ved Mons, Belgien. Chefen er altid en amerikansk general
Begrebet ”Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe” (SHAPE) dækker over det område udenfor Mons, hvor SHAPE stab, "National Military Representatives" (NMR), "Combined Joint Planning Staff" (CJPS), "NATO Airborne Early Warning Force Command" (NAEWFC), "Partnership Coordination Cell" (PCC) og "Regional Signal Group SHAPE" (RSGS) samt tilhørende støttefunktioner er placeret.
At their meeting on 12 June 2003, Alliance Defence Ministers agreed on the design of a new streamlined military command structure. It will be leaner, more flexible, more efficient, and better able to conduct the full range of Alliance missions.
Strategic Level
At the strategic level, there is only one command with operational responsibilities, Allied Command Operations commanded by the Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR). It performs the operational duties undertaken until now by Allied Command Europe and Allied Command Atlantic. SACEUR continues to be dual-hatted as Commander US European Command.
In addition, a new functional command, Allied Command Transformation, commanded by the Supreme Allied Commander Transformation (SACT) was established to take responsibility for promoting and overseeing the continuing transformation of Alliance forces and capabilities. SACT will be dual-hatted as Commander, US Joint Forces Command.
Allied Command Operations, with its headquarters, SHAPE, near Mons, Belgium, is responsible for all Alliance operations. The levels beneath SHAPE are being significantly streamlined, with a reduction in the number of headquarters. The operational level consists of three standing Commands:
Joint Force Command Brunssum, the Netherlands They both conduct operations from their static locations or provide one land-based Combined Joint Task Force (CJTF) headquarters.
Joint Force Command Naples, Italy
Joint Command Lisbon, Portugal From which a deployable sea-based CJTF Headquarters capability can be drawn.
Component / Tactical level
The component or tactical level will consist of six Component Commands, which provide service-specific - land, maritime, or air - expertise to the operational level. Although these component commands will be available for use in any operation, they will be subordinated to one of the Joint Force Commanders.
Joint Force Command Brunssum Component Command - Air at Ramstein, Germany
Component Command - Maritime at Northwood in the United Kingdom
Component Command - Land at Heidelberg, Germany
Joint Force Command Naples
Component Command - Air at Izmir, Turkey
Component Command - Maritime in Naples, Italy
Component Command - Land at Madrid, Spain
In addition to these component commands, there will be four static Combined Air Operations Centres (CAOCs) in Uedem, Germany; Finderup, Denmark; Poggio Renatico, Italy; and Larissa, Greece; and two deployable CAOCs - in Uedem and Poggio Renatico. As the deployable CAOCs will need to exercise their capability to mobilise and deploy, the current facilities at Torrejon Air Base in Spain would be the primary site for training and exercising in that region. A small NATO air facility support staff will be stationed at Torrejon to support this capability.
Allied Command Transformation (ACT), with its headquarters in Norfolk, US, oversees the transformation of NATO's military capabilities. In doing so, it enhances training, improves capabilities, tests and develops doctrines and conducts experiments to assess new concepts. It also facilitates the dissemination and introduction of new concepts and promotes interoperability. An ACT Staff Element in Belgium was established, primarily for resource and defence planning issues.
ACT includes the Joint Warfare Centre in Norway, the new Joint Force Training Centre in Poland and the Joint Analysis and Lessons Learned Centre in Portugal. Headquarters Supreme Allied Command Transformation (HQ SACT) also supervises the Undersea Research Centre in La Spezia, Italy. There are direct linkages between ACT, Alliance schools and NATO agencies, as well as the US Joint Forces Command. A NATO Maritime Interdiction Operational Training Centre in Greece, associated with ACT, is also envisaged. In addition, a number of nationally- or multinationally-sponsored Centres of Excellence focused on transformation in specific military fields will support the command.
Kilde: New NATO Command Structure http://www.nato.int/shape/issues/ncs/ncs_index.htm
Se også: EUCOM ; Gladio.
Se på Internettet: Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe http://www.nato.int/shape/index.htm

Litteratur

Gilmore, Gerry J. : NATO's response force will transform the alliance.
Garamone, Jim: Africa Integral to U.S. European Command, General Says.
Garamone, Jim: U.S. Military Footprint in Europe Changing to Meet Strategy.
Signature of the Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) contract.

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